One reason is the difficulty of putting a value on the unique software used by criminal groups. It is impossible to make an exact estimate of how much an APT attack costs. We hope that our study will assist security decision-makers to better protect their systems from industry-specific attacks. We will also analyze how attackers choose their tools based on their target. In this research, we will try to assess the cost of tools used for APT attacks and how easily these tools can be obtained. In other words, criminals' behavior, techniques, and tools depend on their target. Cosmos Bank fell victim to a cyberattack by the Lazarus Group, which stole $13.5 million in just three days. However, profit-driven cybercriminals prefer to act quickly. The longest presence of attackers on a network, as measured by the PT Expert Security Center (PT ESC), was over eight years. For example, the cybersecurity team at German pharmaceutical giant Bayer observed malware activity for over a year. After obtaining a foothold in a company's infrastructure, criminals can stay there unnoticed for years. It's extremely difficult to detect an APT attack when it is underway. To conduct such attacks, hackers form criminal groups, known as APT groups. Multistage, well-planned, and organized attacks targeting a specific industry or company are called advanced persistent threats (APTs). According to FireEye statistics, 64 percent of companies attacked in 2018 were attacked again in the following 19 months.Ī cyberattack against a company with well-organized protection system is time-consuming, expensive, and requires special knowledge and tools. But attackers rarely give up on a target even if their first attempts are unsuccessful. Gartner estimates that worldwide expenditures on digital security will exceed $124 billion this year. That's why potential targets commit considerable resources to securing their information. The assets of well-off companies and governments have always attracted attackers.

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